Elderly are especially vulnerable to fraud, says the statistics. First, they tend to save more than the young, which attracts speculators, and secondly, as we age we become more trusting - contrary to the belief that life we learned something.
But this does not mean that if you have not yet retired, you can relax and not be afraid of scams - a victim of fraud may be one, especially now that the way to every home for cheaters in the literal sense, is open. Mobile phones, e-mail, ICQ - all new and new means of communication make us all more vulnerable to fraud. So we must be always alert. Here are the 10 most common fraud schemes, time-tested and operating wherever there are people and money.
1. Work at home. Salary high!
A wave of unemployment, sweeping the entire civilized world, could not become an excuse for the development of new "spreading room". More precisely, the scheme itself, it is as old as the world, but here interest in it flared anew. And all because of the crisis.
"Work at home. Secondary school education, high salary" - such ads can be seen on dozens of streets in the subway, on the Internet, even in the newspapers. It would seem, is wary: what will pay that same "high salary" a man without education and special skills? But people think, believe and call on these phones. Then they are asked to pay, say, $ 200, but instead offer a kit for training a new employee. In practice, this package is a bundle of papers (in the best case - the disc), with an indication of how the "trick" still a couple of fellow sufferers.
Or such an option: you propose work on proof-read or layout of the text. To get a permanent job, you need to do a test job that (attention!) You will be sent for a nominal sum - to 300 hryvnia. They say, "Sorry, we have often been deceived and do not do jobs, so we ask to leave such a pledge." Well that may be touching cheaters to justify their hard life? On this and earn.
2. You have 1000 visitors
A letter, for example, from Spain - or any other far country - but always in English. It congratulates you with the fact that one day, going to such a site, you automatically become a party prize draw - and won! The prize - a large sum of money or a car. To get it, you should just move to a specific account a certain amount of money to pay for the delivery of a prize in Russia. Naturally, the money went irrevocably and without a trace. There have been cases where people have lost several thousand dollars in the hope that now they finally will be sent their prize.
3. Become a landlord
It starts with a scam that the deceiver buys some overgrown field and splits it into small plots. Each piece is sold separately sacrifice for exorbitant money. Here plays the role of talent and charisma of the deceiver: his task - to convince the victim that soon there will pave the road or to build an amusement park and the land is ten times more expensive. In the course are false building plans and documents. Naturally, no construction is not really planned, and the fraudsters disappear, leaving their victims to the worthless piece of land.
4. Pyramids
The classical financial pyramid implies the involvement of hundreds to several thousands of "investors", each of which contributes a relatively small amount of money. The promise of huge dividends to be paid by newcomers victims.
According to a more advanced scheme, participants are requested to draw a pyramid in the "case" of their friends and acquaintances. For every request, be paid a certain fee (where it meets with the same treatment). Your friends offer to do the same - and so on to infinity, while the pyramid will not be exposed or its creators did not decide to turn the shop.
5. Innovation Business
This wiring is designed for people with money and free opinions. Swindlers seek out those who are willing to take risks and dreams of his own case, and asked to invest in their business. As a business plan to potential investors is invited to some kind of "super-idea", often with the use of revolutionary technologies, or any personal invention. Sacrifice promise mountains of gold, and return in the first six months after the investments, but as soon as the so-called businessman receives the money, it naturally evaporates.
6. Work on the phone
Another scam from the category of "work at home. The most appealing looks promise that "you can earn, without looking up from their usual business." Ostensibly, one hour per day, enough to discourage their weekly wages at the main work. Naturally, no special skills, again not required. You should only pay for the certification officer and a special phone number. Finals of the story is predictable.
7. Farewell car
The main victims of such scams - private sellers of cars. In time of crisis, when prices began to fall by leaps and bounds, people do not care much about the benefit of the sale and try to be quick to get rid of the property - while its price fell to zero. That and people enjoy playing the role of buyers, offering the seller a higher price, but ... provided that the payment will be in the form of bank check or receipts for the third person. By the time the seller discovers that fake check, and receipt framed in a "dead souls", the buyer has time to overtake a car abroad, or to resell.
8. Time to invest in shares
Since the beginning of the crisis value of the shares of many super companies fell by 50 and even 80%. Therefore, many analysts have become a chorus to call the general public to buy the securities until they are so cheap. Allegedly, after 3 years, when the crisis ends, shares rise at times and their holders will be able to fairly earn.
Flurry of such recommendations could not play into the hands of fraudsters. Do not call up these brokers beginners or potential investors and offer to buy a certain number of shares of a company. She allegedly was soon to rise due to the change of management or transition to a new efficient production. Moreover, the employees themselves that the company had already started buying her own securities, which is a direct proof of its early growth. But hurry - the shares remains quite a bit.
After spending about 20 thousand dollars, investors will soon discover that the company invested in a pacifier. Typically, this is some kind of novelty, recorded a few days before the fraud and exists only on paper. Or a company with a long but not the most successful in history. Clearly, it is impossible to sell such shares.
9. You have letter
This scheme is called fishing. To organize such an operation, the villain need a computer and a client base of any bank. Fortunately, fans of easy money, these bases can be purchased at any radio market.
So, you have an email allegedly from the security department of your bank. You are informed that your savings may have been attacked by fraudsters, so the bank must conduct a complete audit of your financial transactions. It requires very little - your passport details and access codes to the bank account. Once the scammers receive this information, they can do with your money whatever. Remember: no bank will never ask you for personal data and the more pin-code of your card.
10. Making bets, gentlemen
Another category of the most frequent victims of scams - gamblers. And it is not about gambling-crazed gaming machines, which, in fact, deceiving themselves. Swindlers prey on amateur racing and other sporting events.
For example, you want to bet on a horse or a fighter, and some helpful and knowledgeable person offers to sell you a "secret" - who is better prepared to compete, who is lame in one leg, etc. Hardened players are not caught, but now newcomers - permanently.
Another scheme: you are asked to put the money on such a horse. They say she will win, the fraudster knows for sure. Instead, ask for 50% of the prize, but in case of failure, promises to pay damages. Of course, the bet does not win, but the fraudster evaporates immediately after making payment.
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